MIT's Affirmative Action Changes
The release of MIT's Class of 2028 admissions data has drawn attention due to significant shifts in the racial demographics of admitted students. These changes follow the U.S. Supreme Court's decision to restrict affirmative action in 2023, marking a critical moment in how elite colleges approach diversity. With Black and Latino student representation declining and Asian American representation rising, this shift has sparked questions about how other universities might be affected and what students and parents should do in response to this trend.
The Shifts in MIT’s Admitted Class
For MIT’s Class of 2028, the percentage of Black and Latino students has decreased dramatically. Black student enrollment dropped from 15% to 5%, and the percentage of Latino students fell from 16% to 11%. Meanwhile, the percentage of Asian American students rose from 40% to 47%. The overall percentage of underrepresented minority students (Black, Hispanic, Native American, and Pacific Islander) declined from 25% to about 16%.
MIT officials attributed this demographic shift to the Supreme Court's decision to eliminate race-based admissions. The ruling prohibits universities from using affirmative action to achieve racial diversity, which has led to a noticeable impact on the composition of the admitted class at MIT.
Why Did This Happen?
The decline in Black and Latino admissions and the rise in Asian American admissions can be traced to several key factors:
1. Changes to Affirmative Action
Affirmative action had allowed universities to use race as one factor in admissions, giving a small boost to underrepresented minorities. With the Supreme Court's ruling, race can no longer be considered, resulting in a drop in the number of Black and Latino students who were previously supported by these policies.
2. Increased Emphasis on Academic Metrics
Without the consideration of race, other factors like academic credentials—particularly standardized test scores—are playing a more significant role in admissions decisions. Asian American students, on average, score higher on standardized tests like the SAT and ACT, giving them a statistical edge under a race-neutral admissions process. MIT’s return to requiring SAT scores after a brief period of test-optional admissions has likely played a part in this shift.
3. The Role of Socioeconomic Status and Resources
Asian American students, particularly those from families with access to strong educational resources and test preparation, are often better positioned to excel in standardized testing environments. Meanwhile, many Black and Latino students come from underfunded schools with fewer resources, which may explain some of the drop in their representation at MIT.
Will This Shift Be Seen at Other Schools?
MIT’s demographic shift is likely a bellwether for changes at other elite universities, particularly those that have also been affected by the affirmative action ruling. Here’s what we can expect:
1. Similar Trends at Ivy League and Top-Tier Institutions
Other highly selective universities, including Harvard and Stanford, are expected to see similar shifts in the racial composition of their admitted classes. With race no longer a consideration, academic metrics such as GPAs, test scores, and the rigor of coursework will become more dominant in admissions decisions. Schools that previously relied on affirmative action to maintain diversity will likely see a decrease in Black and Latino representation and an increase in Asian American admissions.
2. Public Universities in Race-Neutral States
States like California and Michigan, where affirmative action has been banned for years, offer a glimpse into what might happen nationwide. In California, for example, the University of California system has seen a steady decline in Black and Latino admissions since the state eliminated race-conscious admissions in 1996. Similarly, the University of Michigan has experienced a drop in Black enrollment following the 2006 ban on affirmative action in the state.
3. New Approaches to Diversity
In the absence of affirmative action, many universities are likely to explore other ways to maintain diversity on their campuses. Some institutions may place more emphasis on socioeconomic factors, targeting low-income or first-generation college applicants, in the hope of indirectly achieving racial diversity. Schools may also focus on holistic admissions practices, which consider non-academic factors such as leadership, community involvement, and personal essays.
What Students and Parents Should Do in Response
Given the changing landscape of college admissions, students and parents must adjust their strategies to adapt to the new reality. Here are several steps that families can take:
1. Prioritize Academic Excellence
With race no longer being considered, academic performance is more critical than ever. Students should focus on maintaining high GPAs, excelling in challenging courses (such as Advanced Placement (AP) or International Baccalaureate (IB) programs), and preparing thoroughly for standardized tests like the SAT or ACT. Early preparation for these tests can give students a significant advantage.
2. Expand the College Search
Students should broaden their college search to include a range of institutions beyond the most elite schools. While MIT and Ivy League schools remain highly competitive, there are many excellent universities across the U.S. that offer strong programs and diverse environments. Consider schools that emphasize holistic admissions or that have a strong commitment to socioeconomic diversity.
3. Strengthen Extracurriculars and Personal Essays
Since academic credentials alone may not differentiate students in a competitive applicant pool, extracurricular activities and personal essays are more important than ever. Encourage students to take on leadership roles, pursue meaningful community service, or engage in unique activities that showcase their character and passions. In their essays, students should focus on telling their personal stories in a way that highlights resilience, growth, and individuality.
4. Seek Guidance from College Counselors and IECs
Independent Educational Consultants (IECs) and high school college counselors can be invaluable resources during the application process. These professionals are well-versed in the latest trends in college admissions and can provide personalized advice to help students stand out in a competitive environment. They can also offer insight into schools that may be a great fit for students but are less well-known or under the radar.
5. Focus on Holistic Applications
In light of the new emphasis on holistic admissions, students should ensure that every aspect of their application reflects their potential as a well-rounded candidate. This includes letters of recommendation, which should highlight a student’s character and personal growth, as well as the development of a compelling narrative that ties together academic, extracurricular, and personal experiences.
Adapting to MIT's Affirmative Action Changes
The demographic shift in MIT’s Class of 2028 is likely the first of many changes we will see at top-tier universities as they adjust to the post-affirmative action era. With fewer Black and Latino students being admitted and an increase in Asian American representation, students and parents must rethink their approach to the college application process. By focusing on academic excellence, broadening the college search, and strengthening all components of the application, families can adapt to this new reality while still aiming for college success.
At Admyssion, we are committed to providing students and families with the tools and guidance they need to navigate the changing landscape of college admissions. Our experienced counselors are here to help you create a strategy that maximizes your potential, ensuring you are well-prepared for the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead.
